[HIV retinal vasculitis]. / Vasculitis retiniana por VIH.

CASE REPORT: We present a case of a 47 year-old woman, infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosed 5 years ago without receiving any treatment, who had floaters in her left eye. A peripheral retinal vasculitis was discovered and confirmed by an angiography. No source of infection was found, antiretroviral and corticosteroid treatment was given, with a complete resolution of the vasculitis. DISCUSSION: From 70-80% of positive untreated HIV patients develop ocular complications, with intraocular inflammation in more than half of them. Intraocular inflammation can be associated with opportunistic infections, tumours and as in our case, secondary to the HIV. Antiretroviral therapy is the proper treatment in these patients.

Vasculitis retiniana por VIH / HIV retinal vasculitis

Caso clínico: Mujer de 47 años con infección por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana(VIH) de 5 años de evolución sin tratamiento que acude por miodesopsias. Se le halla unfoco de vasculitis retiniana periférica en el ojo izquierdo (OI) confirmado angiográficamente.Se descarta otra patología infecciosa por parte de Medicina Interna y se inicia tratamientoantirretroviral y corticoideo sistémico, con resolución del foco de vasculitis.Discusión: Entre un 70 y un 80% de los pacientes positivos para VIH sin tratamiento desarrollancomplicaciones oculares, con inflamación intraocular en más de la mitad de ellos.La inflamación intraocular puede ser debida a infecciones oportunistas, neoplasias y, comoen nuestro caso, secundarias al propio virus. En estos pacientes el tratamiento antirretroviralconsigue la resolución del cuadro(AU)

Case report: We present a case of a 47 year-old woman, infected with humanimmunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnosed 5 years ago without receiving any treatment, whohad floaters in her left eye. A peripheral retinal vasculitis was discovered and confirmed byan angiography. No source of infection was found, antiretroviral and corticosteroidtreatment was given, with a complete resolution of the vasculitis.Discussion: From 70-80% of positive untreated HIV patients develop ocular complications,with intraocular inflammation in more than half of them. Intraocular inflammation can beassociated with opportunistic infections, tumours and as in our case, secondary to the HIV.Antiretroviral therapy is the proper treatment in these patients(AU)

[Retinal nerve fiber layer changes after cataract surgery measured by OCT: a pilot study]. / Cambios en el espesor de la capa de fibras nerviosas tras cirugía de cataratas medidos con OCT: un estudio piloto.

PURPOSE: To analyze changes in peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) after cataract surgery. METHODS: The average RFNL thickness of patients who underwent cataract surgery was measured using the optical coherence tomography (OCT) III Stratus(R) before surgery, the day after and one month later. The data were analyzed using the SPSS 12.0 software. We used paired two tail student's t test for comparisons. RESULTS: The study group was composed by 74 eyes of 74 patients. The RNFL thickness average was 90.71 microm (SD: 19.93), 88.30 microm (SD: 20.59) and 97.45 microm (SD: 14.30), before cataract surgery (AVGT0), the day after surgery (AVGT1) and one month later (AVGT2) respectively. We did not find statistically significant difference between AVGT0 and AVGT1 (P=0.37); however, statistically significant difference between AVGT1 and AVGT2 (P= 0.002) as well as in the image signal quality between AVGT0 and AVGT2 (P= 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: The RNFL average thickness measured by OCT III Stratus showed an increase one month after cataract surgery. This phenomenon is accompanied with an improvement in signal quality.

Cambios en el espesor de la capa de fibras nerviosas tras cirugía de cataratas medidos con OCT: un estudio piloto / Retinal nerve fiber layer changes after cataract surgery measured by OCT: a pilot study

Objetivos: Analizar cambios en el espesor de lacapa de fibras nerviosas de la retina (CFNR) peripapilartras cirugia de cataratas.Metodos: Medicion del espesor medio de laCFNR de pacientes sometidos a cirugia de cataratasutilizando tomografia de coherencia optica(OCT) III StratusR antes de la cirugia, un dia despuesde la intervencion y transcurrido un mes. Losdatos fueron analizados mediante el programainformatico SPSS 12.0. Los resultados fueroncomparados empleando el test pareado de doscolas t de Student.Resultados: El grupo de estudio estaba compuestode 74 ojos de 74 pacientes. El espesor medio de laCFNR antes de la cirugia de cataratas (AVGT0) fue90,71 ƒÊm (DE: 19,93), el dia despues de la cirugia(AVGT1) fue 88,30 ƒÊm (DE: 20,59); y un mes despues(AVGT2) 97,45 ƒÊm (DE: 14,30). No se encontrarondiferencias estadisticamente significativasentre AVGT0 y AVGT1 (P=0,37); sin embargo,dicha diferencia si se encontro entre AVGT1 yAVGT2 (P= 0,002). Tambien se encontro diferenciaestadísticamente significativa en la calidad de señalde la señal entre AVGT0 y AVGT2 (P=0,0001).Conclusiones: El espesor medio de la capa defibras nerviosas experimenta un incremento cuandoes medido mediante OCT III Stratus® un mes tras lacirugía de cataratas. Este fenómeno se acompaña deuna mejoría en la calidad de la señal(AU)

Purpose: To analyze changes in peripapillary retinalnerve fiber layer (RNFL) after cataract surgery.Methods: The average RFNL thickness of patientswho underwent cataract surgery was measuredusing the optical coherence tomography (OCT) IIIStratusR before surgery, the day after and onemonth later. The data were analyzed using the SPSS12.0 software. We used paired two tail studentLs ttest for comparisons.Results: The study group was composed by 74 eyesof 74 patients. The RNFL thickness average was90.71 ƒÊm (SD: 19.93), 88.30 ƒÊm (SD: 20.59) and97.45 ƒÊm (SD: 14.30), before cataract surgery(AVGT0), the day after surgery (AVGT1) and onemonth later (AVGT2) respectively. We did not findstatistically significant difference between AVGT0and AVGT1 (P=0.37); however, statistically significantdifference between AVGT1 and AVGT2 (P=0.002) as well as in the image signal quality betweenAVGT0 and AVGT2 (P= 0.0001).Conclusions: The RNFL average thickness measuredby OCT III StratusR showed an increase one month after cataract surgery. This phenomenon isaccompanied with an improvement in signal quality(AU)

[Band atrophy of the optic disc secondary to ventricular subependymoma compression]. / Atrofia de disco óptico en banda secundaria a compresión por subependimoma ventricular.

CASE REPORT: A 42-year-old man was diagnosed with band or "bow tie" optic atrophy with a right homonymous hemianopia. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed a calcified lesion in the left hippocampus. Craniotomy and tumor resection were performed. The biopsy revealed a subependymoma of the temporal horn of the left ventricular system. DISCUSSION: Optic tract lesions are uncommon clinical entities, in which homonymous hemianopia and contralateral band optic atrophy are characteristic. Subependymomas are infrequent and benign tumors that are typically associated with the ventricular system.

[Eclipse retinopathy: three case reports]. / Retinopatía por eclipse. A propósito de tres casos.

CASE REPORT: We present the evolution of eclipse retinopathy in 3 patients who came to our hospital after the eclipse of October 2005 and had foveal lesions and visual field alterations. DISCUSSION: Eclipse retinopathy is a maculopathy that occurs after exposure to intense solar radiation, such as occurs during an eclipse, and is produced by a photochemical mechanism. Although the macular changes and symptoms are usually reversible, residual defects at the level of the EPR and scotoma in visual fields can occur. For these reasons the most appropriate treatment is prevention by means of public awareness campaigns.

Atrofia de disco óptico en banda secundaria a compresión por subependimoma ventricular / Band atrophy of the optic disc secondary to ventricular subependyoma compression

Caso clínico: Varón de 42 años con atrofia óptica en banda o en «pajarita» derecha con hemianopsia homónima derecha. En la tomografía computerizada (TC) se observa una lesión calcificada a nivel de hipocampo izquierdo. Se realizó craneotomía y resección tumoral con diagnóstico definitivo de subependimoma de asta temporal de ventrículo lateral izquierdo. Discusión: Las lesiones de la cintilla óptica son entidades clínicas poco frecuentes que cursan con hemianopsia homónima y atrofia óptica en banda o en «pajarita» contralateral. El subependimoma es un tumor infrecuente y benigno, que se asocia típicamente con el sistema ventricular

Case report: A 42-year-old man was diagnosed with band or «bow tie» optic atrophy with a right homonymous hemianopia. Computerized tomography (CT) revealed a calcified lesion in the left hippocampus. Craniotomy and tumor resection were performed. The biopsy revealed a subependymoma of the temporal horn of the left ventricular system. Discussion: Optic tract lesions are uncommon clinical entities, in which homonymous hemianopia and contralateral band optic atrophy are characteristic. Subependymomas are infrequent and benign tumors that are typically associated with the ventricular system